Data-Driven vs Data-Informed Leadership: Implications for Quality Management in Public and Private Elementary Schools in Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31538/munaddhomah.v7i4.2921Keywords:
Data-driven leadership, Instructional leadership, Islamic school management, National Assessment, Elementary educationAbstract
This study examines how principals in public and private elementary schools in Indonesia use assessment data to guide instructional leadership and improve teaching quality. Using a qualitative multisite case study, the research compares SDN 262 Panyileukan and SDIT Al-Azhar Syifa Budi, two Bandung schools operating under the same national assessment regime but under contrasting governance and resource conditions. Data came from semi-structured interviews with principals, curriculum leaders, and teachers; observations of academic supervision and school meetings; and analysis of ANBK/Rapor Pendidikan, planning, supervision, and instructional documents. The findings show a continuum of data use. In the public-school case, ANBK and Rapor Pendidikan primarily structured accountability, planning, and periodic supervision, although they also informed literacy and numeracy improvement. In the private Islamic-school case, principals combined national assessment results with academic, developmental, behavioral, and teacher-performance data and used them more continuously for supervision, coaching, and instructional adaptation. The study offers a context-sensitive account of instructional data sensemaking, showing that data's instructional value depends on principals' interpretive capacity, collaborative routines, and institutional conditions rather than on data availability alone. Because the study is limited to two urban schools, its claims are analytically transferable rather than statistically generalizable. Future research should test the proposed continuum across larger and more diverse school settings and examine how leadership support can strengthen data-informed practice under different resource constraints.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Hasbiyallah Hasbiyallah, Ujang Suyatman, Muhammad Haikal As-Shidqi, Eti Kurniawati
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